Artificial intelligence is transforming Europe’s borders, raising concerns about the future of asylum rights. The European Union is funding AI-powered border enforcement, a move that could redefine how refugees are monitored and controlled. Critics argue that these technological advancements may turn refugee camps into high-tech detention centers, restricting the rights of asylum seekers and intensifying the crackdown on migration.
One of the most striking examples is the “smart” border between Greece and Turkiye at Evros. This border is equipped with advanced surveillance technology, including automated monitoring systems and AI-driven analytics. Similar technology is also being used at the refugee camp on the Greek island of Samos, which is described as resembling a high-security prison. These measures are part of a broader EU initiative to curb irregular migration while maintaining tight control over those seeking refuge.
Human rights advocates warn that these advancements threaten the fundamental right to seek asylum. They argue that the use of AI at borders risks creating an environment where people fleeing war and persecution face increased surveillance and reduced access to protection. The concern is that, rather than offering safety, these measures prioritize security over human dignity, leaving vulnerable people trapped in technologically enhanced confinement.
Proponents of AI border enforcement argue that it improves efficiency and security. They claim that smart borders can help detect human trafficking, identify security threats, and streamline the asylum process. However, critics question whether these systems are truly about efficiency or whether they are a way to deter migration altogether. The fear is that these technologies could normalize a future where asylum seekers are treated as security risks rather than individuals in need of protection.
As the EU continues to invest in AI and border surveillance, the debate over the balance between security and human rights grows more urgent. Will AI create safer, more organized border processes, or will it erode the right to asylum and turn refugee camps into permanent surveillance zones? The answer may shape the future of migration policies in Europe for years to come.
